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Shared memory is another technique provided by your operating system that allows multiple programs to access the same data simultaneously. Mmap uses virtual memory to make it appear that you’ve loaded a very large file into memory, even if the contents of the file are too big to fit in your physical memory. However, knowing a little bit about memory gives you a better understanding of what the computer and libraries are taking care of for you.
HOW TO CONVERT A FILE INTO MAP IN C++ CODE
You don’t need to understand page tables or logical-to-physical mapping to write performant I/O code in Python. Luckily, most of this complication is hidden from your programs. Each operating system uses its own sophisticated algorithm to map virtual memory addresses to physical ones using a data structure called a page table. In order to do this, your operating system must maintain a mapping between physical memory and virtual memory. Behind the scenes, your operating system uses parts of your nonvolatile storage, such as your solid-state disk, to simulate additional RAM. The operating system uses virtual memory to make it appear that you have more memory than you do, allowing you to worry less about how much memory is available for your programs at any given time.
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Virtual memory is a way of handling memory management. Physical memory should not be confused with storage, such as your hard drive or solid-state disk. Physical memory is the amount of volatile memory that’s available for your programs to use while running. (You might remember that when you bought your computer, it advertised something like 8 gigabytes of RAM.) Physical memory typically comes on cards that are connected to your computer’s motherboard. Physical memory is the least complicated type of memory to understand because it’s often part of the marketing associated with your computer. There are several types of computer memory:Įach type of memory can come into play when you’re using memory mapping, so let’s review each one from a high level. For the purposes of this tutorial, the term memory refers to random-access memory, or RAM. To better understand how memory mapping improves performance, as well as how and when you can use the mmap module to take advantage of these performance benefits, it’s useful to first learn a bit about computer memory.Ĭomputer memory is a big, complicated topic, but this tutorial focuses only on what you need to know to use the mmap module effectively. It can dramatically improve file I/O performance in your program. Memory mapping is a technique that uses lower-level operating system APIs to load a file directly into computer memory.
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HOW TO CONVERT A FILE INTO MAP IN C++ HOW TO
How to use mmap to share information between multiple processesįree Download: Get a sample chapter from CPython Internals: Your Guide to the Python 3 Interpreter showing you how to unlock the inner workings of the Python language, compile the Python interpreter from source code, and participate in the development of CPython.How to change a portion of a file without rewriting the entire file.How use memory mapping to read large files faster.This can provide significant performance improvements in code that requires a lot of file I/O. It allows you to take advantage of lower-level operating system functionality to read files as if they were one large string or array. Python’s mmap provides memory-mapped file input and output (I/O). For example, there are multiple ways to read a file in Python, including the rarely used mmap module. One especially useful idea is that “There should be one-and preferably only one-obvious way to do it.” Yet there are multiple ways to do most things in Python, and often for good reason. The Zen of Python has a lot of wisdom to offer. Watch it together with the written tutorial to deepen your understanding: Python mmap: Doing File I/O With Memory Mapping Watch Now This tutorial has a related video course created by the Real Python team.